奶制品行業冷鏈物流分析（六）

時間：2024-02-21 04:11:41來源：admin01欄目：冷鏈新聞閱讀：

奶制品行業冷鏈物流分析（六）

蒙牛自身的冷鏈物流發展與管理在全國的奶制品冷鏈物流相比處于領先地位，但是與發達國家的奶制品冷鏈物流相比，仍處于低端水平。例如天潤、河海、西域春等奶制品企業雖然也能離開生產地送往遠處，但是受其自身的冷鏈物流限制無法將產品像蒙牛、伊利等大型奶制品企業送往全國各地。

Mengnius own cold chain logistics development and management is in a leading position compared with the national dairy cold chain logistics， but compared with the dairy cold chain logistics in developed countries， it is still at a low-end level. For example， although dairy companies such as Tianrun， Hehai， and Xiyuchun can also leave their production sites and send them to distant places， they cannot send their products to large dairy companies such as Mengniu and Yili due to their own cold chain logistics constraints.

限制我國奶制品冷鏈物流發展的主要原因在于我國地域廣闊，奶源產地多集中于內蒙古、新疆等地區，但是這些地域多遠離人口密集城市，而且地廣人稀交通條件無法滿足企業將奶源送往各地。由于我國奶制品冷鏈物流基礎設施陳舊落后的問題，我國的保溫車數量遠遠少于發達國家，只有日本的四分之一，美國的七分之一，鐵路冷藏車只占全世界運行車輛的百分之二，但論其面積我國面積又遠遠大于這些發達國家，使我國冷鏈物流成本遠遠高于世界平均水平。

The main reason for restricting the development of cold chain logistics of dairy products in China is that my country has a vast territory， and milk origins are mostly concentrated in Inner Mongolia， Xinjiang and other regions， but these regions are mostly far away from densely populated cities， and the traffic conditions cannot meet the needs of enterprises to transfer milk products. sources are sent everywhere. Due to the outdated and backward infrastructure of dairy cold chain logistics in my country， the number of refrigerated vehicles in China is far less than in developed countries， only a quarter of that in Japan and one-seventh of that in the United States. Railway refrigerated vehicles only account for the number of running vehicles in the world. However， in terms of its area， my countrys area is much larger than those of these developed countries， making my countrys cold chain logistics cost much higher than the world average.

同時，我國奶制品行業冷鏈物流并沒有完整的體系，奶農雖然可以生產大量的牛奶由于我國奶制品產供銷一體化并不完善，奶農手中的牛奶多依靠企業收集，但由于這個過程中一出現變質，牛奶生產過程不受監督，所以多數奶制品企業選擇與大型牛奶廠合作，并由企業提供奶源的冷鏈物流。我國奶制品冷鏈的發展不僅受到地理環境的限制還受到企業間的競爭的限制，由于打開冷鏈物流就是打開市場，所以企業自身的冷鏈物流并不愿意讓他人使用，這就會出現部分地區重復設置冷鏈物流點，對企業來說增加了物流成本，對社會來說浪費了社會資源，也制約了我國冷鏈物流的發展。

At the same time， there is no complete system of cold chain logistics in my countrys dairy industry. Although dairy farmers can produce a large amount of milk， due to the imperfect integration of production， supply and marketing of dairy products in my country， the milk in the hands of dairy farmers is mostly collected by enterprises. Once spoilage occurs， the milk production process is not supervised， so most dairy companies choose to cooperate with large milk factories and provide cold chain logistics for milk sources. The development of the cold chain of dairy products in my country is not only limited by the geographical environment but also by the competition between enterprises. Since opening the cold chain logistics is to open the market， the enterprises own cold chain logistics is not willing to let others use it， which will cause some problems. The repeated establishment of cold chain logistics points in regions increases logistics costs for enterprises， wastes social resources for society， and also restricts the development of cold chain logistics in China.

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